Reprogramming M2 macrophages via TLR7/8 agonist-loaded hollow MnO₂ nanovehicles to suppress the progression of liver cancer

As a prevalent malignancy, liver cancer ranks as the third most common cause of cancer mortality globally. Within the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) exhibit contrasting functional phenotypes: the anti-tumor M1 type and the pro-tumor M2 type. Reprogramming TAMs from the