The ALA, DHA and EPA Esters in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases.

Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (EFAs) have a significant impact on human health, even before birth. Their supplementation is recommended at all ages, especially in people with cardiolovascular risks. The most valuable proven action of EFAs is the improvement of the lipid profile (including increase in HDL, the so-called "good cholesterol" and lowering LDL, the so-called "bad cholesterol"), preventing the development of atherosclerosis, strokes and heart attacks. We distinguish three fractions of EFAs: EPA, DHA and ALA. The best known are EPA and DHA, but in recent years the interest in ALA fraction has increased, as it is the only fraction that has pronounced anti-inflammatory properties, but also only ALA is not produced by the human body and must be supplied with food. We believe that the supplementation of the ALA fraction is as important as the supplementation of the well-known and recommended EPA and DHA fractions, moreover it also brings unique benefits. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the benefits of EFAs in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the group of adults. In the project, we also want to compare the benefits of supplementing various fractions. Each volunteer will be randomly assigned to one of 4 groups. Group No. 1 will be a group without the supplementation of essential fatty acids (EFAs), group No. 2 will receive supplementation with pure ALA fraction, group No. 3 will receive supplementation with EPA and DHA fractions, and group No. 4 will receive supplementation with all fractions, i.e. ALA, EPA and DHA. All persons from groups 1-4 will be examined three times: at the beginning, after three months and after six months (at the end of the project). The tests will include: blood pressure measurements, non-invasive measurements of body mass and composition, and laboratory tests: CRP, fasting glucose, lipid profile, and blood count. Both preparations for acid supplementation and tests are completely free for participants. Pa