Early Antiretroviral Treatment and/or Early Isoniazid Prophylaxis Against Tuberculosis in HIV-infected Adults (ANRS 12136 TEMPRANO)

The Temprano trial is based on the following assumptions: * ART initiation at CD4 counts \<800/mm3 could significantly reduce the probability of severe HIV-related morbidity or death in the medium term. * Tuberculosis and tuberculosis-related deaths are likely to represent a considerable proportion of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients with high CD4 counts in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, 6-month Isoniazide Prophylaxis for Tuberculosis (IPT) and early ART could enhance each others efficacy.