Study of Specific CD4 Tumors Th1 Responses in Renal Transplant After Occurrence of Cancer

As early complications of transplantation (acute rejection and infections) were better controlled and that the survival of kidney transplants has increased, chronic complications of immunosuppression became increasing challenges. The incidence of cancer is greatly increased in transplant and cancer is now the first cause of death. The iatrogenic immunosuppression plays a major role in the increased incidence of cancer. If it is accepted that the incidence of cancer is generally increased after transplantation, the increased risk is very different from a specific cancer to another. Furthermore the specific treatment of the tumor (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, biotherapy), the specificity of the context of transplantation is related to the possibility of modulation of immunosuppression. However, there is no immunological marker for predicting the effectiveness of a modification of the immunosuppression. Several studies point to the important role of CD4 T cells into Th1 anti-tumor immunosurveillance group cancers. Identified "helper" degenerate peptides, called Universal Cancer Peptide (UCP) derivative of telomerase, a type of tumor antigen universal. These UCP peptides bind most HLA-DR alleles most frequent of the population and have the particularity of specifically stimulate CD4 T cells of type Th1. Using a test based on the UCP, it possible to detect the presence of spontaneous CD4 Th1 anti-UCP answers in several types of human cancers. The main objective of this study is to determine whether, in renal transplant patients, the occurrence of cancer is associated with a deficiency of CD4 Th1 response anti-hTERT.