Determination of Maternal and Neonatal Apelinemia in Obese Women During Pregnancy

Background : Apelin and its receptor APJ have been implicated in pathologies including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. Little is known about the function of the apelinergic system during gestation. Objective : The main objective of this study is to compare apelinemia in fasting normal weight and obese women at the end of pregnancy, between 35 and 41 weeks of gestation (WG). Strategy and method: A prospective research evaluating will be conducted to compare apelinemia in fasting normal weight and obese women at the end of pregnancy, between 35 and 41 weeks of gestation (WG). A third group will be created to check if gestational diabetes is not a confounding factor in obesity (group of obese women with gestational diabetes). Investigators will try to see if apelinemia is correlated to lipidic and glycemic markers. Samples will be collected in the cord blood to compare maternal and neonatal apelinemia and to see if neonatal apelinemia is correlated to the child's weight and birth size and to the weight of the placenta. Placenta samples will be collected and RT-qPCR will be done to analyze RNA in each group. Two days after delivery, obese and not obese women will be fasted and plasma and colostrum will be collected. Investigators will compare apelin levels in the colostrum between these 2 groups and then investigators will try to see if apelin level is correlated in the colostrum and in maternal plasma.