Individually Tailored Strategies for the Precision Prevention of Gastric Cancer and Colorectal Cancer in the Community

Gastric cancer is a global health threat. Helicobacter pylori is now recognized as the main risk factor that initiates this process; hence, H. pylori eradication has been considered the most effective method to ameliorate the burden of gastric cancer. Serum pepsinogen levels reveal the current atrophy of the stomach and predict gastric cancer risk. A risk prediction model with the combination of H. pylori infection and serum pepsinogen level could identify the highest-risk gastric cancer patients. Colorectal cancers (CRC) rank second and third as the leading causes of cancer-related death in men and women, respectively. For CRC prevention, a two-stage approach using the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is popular; besides, the FIT levels may serve as a guide for priority setting in prompting residents to undergo colonoscopy. Therefore, the effectiveness and utility of aggressive referral confirmatory diagnosis protocol in a colorectal cancer screening program for those with high FIT levels urgently need to evaluate.