Trained and Heterologous Induced-immune Responses to Tropical Infectious Diseases

Validation of ex vivo immune assays that are surrogates of complex in vitro assays and animal models studies to identify the occurrence, strength, and kinetics of trained and heterologous immunity may significantly impact public health. In this study, the investigators translate findings from systems biology approaches into contextualized in vitro and ex vivo assays in children living in settings where tropical infectious diseases are highly prevalent. The investigators first reproduce the Vitro assays using culture of monocytes, co-culture of T cells and dendritic cells. Based on data from contextualized assays, the investigators will select, test, and validate candidates' surrogate markers of trained immunity and heterologous immunity. The TSH-IMMO is a prospective cohort study. Participants aged 1 to 12 years and living in Lambaréné, Gabon, will be recruited.