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Artificial intelligence surrogates for treatment effect estimation with before-and-after data

Dean, Frances et al.
arXiv (All) · Papers
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Estimating the causal effects of medical treatments is difficult when clinically important outcomes are costly to measure or require long follow-up. Short-term or inexpensive surrogate outcomes offer a potential alternative, but surrogate biomarkers may be unavailable or difficult to identify. Advan
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