Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of the Food Supplement Microsmin® Plus

Haemorrhoids are variceal dilatations of the anal and perianal venous plexus and often develop secondary to the persistently elevated venous pressure within the haemorrhoidal plexus . The classical position of haemorrhoids corresponds to three positions which are the right anterior, right posterior and the left lateral areas of the anal canal. Haemorrhoids may be external or internal. External haemorrhoids are covered with skin and internal haemorrhoids are covered with anal mucous membranes. The grading system used by Banov to classify internal haemorrhoids is one of the most common grading systems used by clinicians and is used to guide therapeutic practice. Internal haemorrhoids can be divided into four categories depending on the degree of prolapse (the protrusion of the haemorrhoid through the anus). The most widely accepted classification is the Goligher classification: * Bleeding but no prolapse (grade I). * Hemorrhoidal piles prolapse through the anus during straining, but they reduce spontaneously (grade II). * Hemorrhoidal piles prolapse through the anus during straining and require manual reduction (grade III). * The prolapse is irreducible (grade IV). Most symptoms and signs which patients present with arise from internal haemorrhoids, derive from structural changes of the normal anatomic padding (enlarged internal haemorrhoids) and are generally associated with chronic straining either due to constipation, diarrhoea or prolonged periods trying to defecate. They are also common during pregnancy and childbirth.