Clinical Validation of Vital-PICASO for Predicting Cardiac Arrest Within 24 Hours

The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the clinical performance of Vital-PICASO, an artificial intelligence-based biological signal analysis software designed to predict the risk of in-hospital cardiac arrest within 24 hours using vital-sign data collected from adult general ward inpatients. Electronic medical record data from patients aged 19 years or older who were admitted to a general ward at Seoul National University Hospital will be retrospectively reviewed. Vital-sign variables include systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, and, when available, oxygen saturation. Eligible data will be classified as cardiac arrest-positive or cardiac arrest-negative according to predefined reference-standard criteria. The blinded datasets will then be analyzed using Vital-PICASO, and the software-generated risk scores will be compared with the reference-standard classifications. Predictive performance will be evaluated separately using models that include oxygen saturation and models that do not include oxygen saturation.