Propofol Versus Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Post-operative nausea and vomiting are a leading cause of recovery room delays and low patient satisfaction. Complications such as suture line tension, wound hemorrhage and dehiscence, elevated intracranial pressure, pulmonary aspiration, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance have been linked to nausea and vomiting. Many studies were done to explore the effects of propofol and dexmedetomidine on the incidence of post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). In this study, we will compare propofol infusion to dexmedetomidine infusion on the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing ureteroscopic procedures under spinal anesthesia in the age group from 18 to 60 years with more than one risk factor for PONV (female, history of PONV, non-smoking).