Echocardiography-derived Pre-induction Hemodynamic Phenotypes and Post-induction Hypotension: an Exploratory Clustering Analysis

This study evaluated the occurrence of post-induction hypotension (PIH) in patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. PIH is a common perioperative complication associated with adverse outcomes. Using previously collected clinical and echocardiographic data, the study explored the relationship between pre-induction hemodynamic status and the risk of developing PIH. The findings may help improve preoperative risk stratification and support more individualized perioperative hemodynamic management.