Savannah Environmental Nutrition Study (SENS): Nutrition Intervention to Reduce Air Pollution-Related Airway Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

This pilot clinical trial will evaluate the feasibility and potential health effects of a nutrition-based intervention among adults living in communities affected by air pollution near the Port of Savannah, Georgia. Participants will be assigned to either a nutrition intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will receive biweekly grocery deliveries emphasizing foods naturally rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients, including vitamins C and E, omega-3 fatty acids, and polyphenols. The control group will continue their usual dietary practices during the study period. The study will evaluate whether the nutritional intervention is associated with changes in selected respiratory, oxidative stress, and cardiometabolic health indicators. Assessments will include fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) as a marker of airway inflammation, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in exhaled breath condensate as a marker of oxidative stress, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Indoor concentrations of particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and ozone (O₃) will also be monitored to characterize participants' household air-pollution exposures. Measurements will be collected at baseline and at subsequent study assessments, as specified for each outcome. Findings from this pilot study will be used to evaluate feasibility, estimate changes in health outcomes, and inform the design of a larger clinical trial investigating nutritional approaches to potentially reduce health effects associated with air-pollution exposure.