Muscle Cramps in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Muscle cramps are a common and distressing issue among hemodialysis patients, significantly impacting their quality of life. Non-pharmacological approaches are increasingly being explored to alleviate these symptoms. Massage therapy and progressive muscle relaxation exercises are among the interventions that may help reduce the frequency and severity of cramps by promoting muscle relaxation. However, their effectiveness in hemodialysis patients has not been sufficiently studied. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of massage and progressive muscle relaxation exercises on the frequency and severity of muscle cramps in hemodialysis patients. The findings are expected to contribute to evidence-based practices in symptom management.