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CertMark: Distortion-Free Multi-Bit Watermarking with Certified Decoding

Batorski, Paweł et al.
arXiv (All) · Papers
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computation-and-language
Leading multi-bit watermarking methods for language models encode messages by biasing the model's next-token probabilities, creating a trade-off between message recovery and text quality. Their decoders typically return the highest-scoring candidate from accumulated token-level evidence, without a c
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