An Argument For The Inexistence Of Free Will

This paper argues against the existence of libertarian free will, defined as the capacity to choose otherwise under identical circumstances. If every action is the result of prior causes, including biological, psychological, and environmental factors, then repeating the same conditions would necessarily produce the same outcome. Human decisions are ultimately determined by the strongest desire present at a given moment, yet individuals do not choose which desires are strongest. Attempts to ground free will in uncaused action collapse into randomness, which does not constitute genuine authorship. Therefore, the concept of ultimate self-origination is untenable. However, the absence of libertarian free will does not eliminate the practical necessity of moral responsibility, as systems of praise and punishment remain essential for shaping behaviour and sustaining social order.