Starlight Self-Covering Telescope: Direct Imaging Technology for Exoplanets without Coronagraph

The core challenge of directly imaging exoplanets lies in suppressing the overwhelming glare of the host star. Existing technologies, such as coronagraphs, block starlight using physical masks but are limited by diffraction effects and stringent precision manufacturing requirements. Inspired by the phenomenon of a total solar eclipse, this paper proposes a novel observation principle based on signal processing. By utilizing the ultraviolet (UV) signal emitted by the star itself as a gating reference, the method actively suppresses the star's visible light through electronic or software means, thereby preserving the visible light information from the exoplanet and achieving an observation effect analogous to an "artificial total solar eclipse." This paper discusses the proposed method from three perspectives: physical feasibility, signal processing logic, and system implementation pathways. It analyzes the potential advantages and theoretical limitations of this principle compared to traditional techniques such as coronagraphs, nulling interferometers, and dual-spacecraft formation flying. The research indicates that this method offers a low-cost, rapidly deployable alternative for direct exoplanet imaging using existing dual-band observation instruments (e.g., the Hubble Space Telescope), and is particularly suitable for detecting giant planets around stars with strong UV radiation.