Comparing Intravenous Hydromorphone to Usual Care

In this randomized controlled trial, 2 mg intravenous (IV) hydromorphone will be more efficacious than usual care (usual care is analgesic management according to the judgment of the attending physician caring for that patient) in emergency department (ED) patients aged 21-64 years. The primary efficacy outcomes are the proportion of patients in each arm who choose to forgo additional pain medication in 30 minutes of entry into the study and the change in numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores from baseline to 30 minutes post baseline.