The Big Bounce Theory in Cosmology: A Formal Overview

The Big Bounce theory presents an alternative to the traditional Big Bang cosmology, positing that the universe undergoes cycles of contraction and expansion, thereby avoiding the singularity problem inherent in the standard model. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the Big Bounce model, its theoretical underpinnings, variations such as Loop Quantum Cosmology and ekpyrotic scenarios, and its implications for cosmological observations. The paper also contrasts the Big Bounce with the Big Bang model and addresses the challenges faced by cyclic models, including entropy growth and observational constraints. Finally, it explores how the three universal laws proposed by Angelito Malicse may offer a broader scientific framework for understanding cosmological cycles.