Is There a Difference in Pulmonary Functions and Craniovertebral Angle Among Adolescent Based on Smart Phone Usage

The smartphones have become a necessity for most adolescents as they are used for communication and entertainment and education purposes especially in the period of COVID pandemic. They spend most of their time in using smartphones. This could have side effects on their health. While using a smartphone, adolescent usually flex their neck and maintain the head in a forward position for long periods of time, which may affect the craniovertebral angle and pulmonary functions as sustained forward neck posture may lead to respiratory dysfunction.The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of smart phones and tablets usage time on craniovertebral angle and problems of pulmonary functions among adolescents between 14-18 years' old.