Incidence , Risk Factors and Outcomes of Haemodynamic Instability and Cardiac Arrest During Spine Surgery

Risk factors for cardiac arrest during spine surgery have been well defined, including lumbar fusion, age over 65 years, obesity, cardiovascular disease, ethnicity and ASA status. Bradycardia and asystole have been described under general anaesthesia in combined surgical cohorts: Proposed mechanisms include unopposed parasympathetic activation, enhanced vasovagal response to decreased venous return, and psychiatric stressors. The investigators prospectively will review patients candidates for spine surgery to explore potential incidence, contributory factors and outcomes to unexpected transient intraoperative haemodynamic instability, arrhythmia, and cardiac arrest during spine surgery as these data are needed to aid risk stratification and improve decision making for spine care teams.