Comparison of the Metabolomic Effects of Sevoflurane and Desflurane Anesthesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Analytical techniques used in metabolomic studies include nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS). The study will involve comparing the metabolomic profiles of patients receiving sevoflurane and desflurane during surgery to identify any differences in metabolic pathways affected by the two anaesthetic techniques. Metabolomic profiles are generated using spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques such as high-field NMR and MS, as well as separation techniques.