Smoking Relapse Prevention in Patients With Cancer

This randomized controlled trial will evaluate whether adding one-session structured cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based relapse-prevention counseling to standardized brief relapse-prevention counseling improves smoking abstinence among patients with cancer who smoked cigarettes at diagnosis and have remained completely abstinent from diagnosis until enrollment. After written consent and baseline assessment, all participants will receive the same standardized brief relapse-prevention counseling. Participants will then be randomly assigned 1:1 to no additional study CBT or to one additional structured CBT-based relapse-prevention session. Follow-up will continue for 3 months after randomization at Campus 3 of Vietnam National Cancer Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam.