Caruso v. Law Society of Ontario

Decided: 2026-09-28. Docket: COA-24-CV-0999. Citation: 2026 ONCA 677 (CanLII). Professional responsibility — Law Society regulation — Paralegal scope of practice — By-Law 4, s. 6(2) authorization tied to “a proceeding” — Whether By-Law 4 permits immigration legal services beyond IRB matters — Distinction between advocacy work and solicitors’ work — LSO FAQ policy interpretation upheld — Appeal dismissed | Statutory interpretation — Interpretation of subordinate legislation — Meaning of “proceeding” — By-Law 4 definition of “proceeding” and “intended proceeding” — Whether IRCC and CBSA applications are “a proceeding” — Ordinary meaning and context tied to adjudicative hearings — “Tribunal” not ordinary term for civil servants — Appeal dismissed | Constitution — Division of powers — Paramoun