Effects of Suboccipital Release on Sensorial and Functional Parameters

Suboccipital release is a straightforward technique beneficial for addressing musculoskeletal complaints like neck pain and headaches. This versatile method aids the autonomic system by manipulating the occipital-atlanto region, specifically regulating the parasympathetic system rather than the sympathetic system targeted by most osteopathic treatments. Studies indicate this technique enhances range of motion and balance in the lower extremities of both healthy and pre-existing patients due to fascia connections throughout the body. Suboccipital muscle release increases cervical spine range of motion, facilitating physical therapy. Myofascial release significantly boosts joint flexibility and range of motion (ROM) without reducing strength or performance. The rectus capitus posterior minor (RCPM) muscle, dense with spindles, is crucial in the suboccipital region for balance and pain proprioception. Trauma-induced atrophy in this muscle is strongly linked to chronic neck pain and reduced standing balance. A case report showed that a patient undergoing a personalized balance program exhibited significant balance improvement, suggesting that balance training should be considered for cervicogenic pain intervention strategies. Neck muscle spasms or fatigue can impair proprioception and postural control, with prolonged unilateral cervical muscle contraction increasing neck proprioceptor sensitivity. Muscle fatigue-related interstitial inflammatory mediators can sensitize muscle spindles. This study will explore suboccipital relaxation's acute effects on pressure pain threshold, range of motion, balance, and joint position sense in healthy individuals based on existing literature.