Malaria Studies in Cambodia

This study, conducted by the National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control of Cambodia s Ministry of Health and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, will explore whether the following factors confer protection against malaria and associated anemia: certain blood groups, the hemoglobin E variant, G6PD-deficiency and alpha-thalassemia. Malaria is caused by parasites (P. falciparum and P. vivax) that are transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. This protocol includes two studies, a cohort study and a P. vivax collection study. Individuals are eligible for enrollment in the studies as follows: Cohort study: Residents of all ages of Kandal, Ekapheap and Sangkumthmey villages (Thmar Da commune) who plan to remain in Thmar Da commune for the next 5 years. P. vivax collection study: 2 years of age and older Participating in NIAID protocol 05-I- N210 ( Severe Malaria and Anti-malarial Drug Resistance in Cambodia ) and diagnosed with P. vivax malaria Participants undergo the following procedures: Cohort study: Baseline evaluation, including the following: * Collection of demographic information * Malaria history, temperature measurement and review of current symptoms, if any * Blood draw of 300 microliters * Additional blood draw of 10 milliliters in selected adults 18 years of age and older Treatment with artesunate-piperaquine at a commune health post for subjects who develop malaria Contact once a year for 5 years to determine continued residency in Thmar Da commune P. vivax collection study: * Medical history and physical examination * Hemoglobin level measurement * Blood draw * Treatment with chloroquine * Blood draw 3 to 5 weeks after treatment in some patients 18 years of age or older