PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPTS OF POSTHUMANISM AND TRANSHUMANISM IN THE CONTEXT OF CULTURAL CHANGES CAUSED BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

The article examines the philosophical concepts of posthumanism and transhumanism in the context of cultural changes caused by the rapid development of artificial intelligence. The relevance of the study is due to the need to rethink the nature of man and his place in the world through the prism of technological progress. The main problems are identified as ethical challenges and transformations of human subjectivity in the context of the digital revolution. The goal is to scientifically substantiate the philosophical concepts of posthumanism and transhumanism, as well as their impact on cultural changes arising from the development of artificial intelligence. The study is aimed at revealing the evolution of the concepts of posthumanism and transhumanism, in particular their ontological and ethical foundations. The study uses an interdisciplinary approach that combines philosophical, culturological, and hermeneutic analysis. The method of comparative analysis allowed us to identify the differences between posthumanism and transhumanism in the context of their attitude to artificial intelligence and cultural transformations. A phenomenological approach was used to understand the transformations of human subjectivity in the context of technological progress. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying the obtained results to understand future cultural changes caused by the integration of artificial intelligence into society. The results of the study showed that the influence and integration of artificial intelligence causes significant transformations in social, cultural, and educational structures. The study of the philosophical directions of posthumanism and transhumanism showed that posthumanism rejects traditional anthropocentrism and promotes the revision of human subjectivity through the influence of technological progress, which leads to the transformation of ideas about subjectivity and self-consciousness. In turn, transhumanism retains a humanistic emphasis on man, focusing on his improvement through technological means. It is revealed that posthumanism acts as a responsible humanistic reflection, which offers a new paradigm of knowledge, where a person is considered not as a unique being, but as part of a complex system of being, which includes both living and non-living forms of existence. It is found that the futurological forecasts of transhumanism are often not based on scientifically sound hypotheses, but are more focused on speculative ideas, which leads to contradictions in the interpretation of possible forms of the future of humanity. The conclusions establish that the development of artificial intelligence and the philosophical concepts of posthumanism and transhumanism opens up new opportunities and challenges for understanding the impact of technology on cultural changes. Further scientific research should be aimed at studying the integration of artificial intelligence into socio-cultural processes, taking into account ethical, cultural and metaphysical aspects. PDF (Українська)