Developing a model conflict of interest policy at the Université de Montréal

This chapter examines the development of a model conflict of interest (COI) policy for the Université de Montréal, designed in response to increasing institutional and regulatory pressure on universities to manage conflicts of interest more effectively. Drawing on prior analyses of Canadian university COI policies and on the specific context of a large research-intensive institution, the chapter argues that effective COI governance requires more than formal compliance. It requires a policy framework that is conceptually clear, practically usable, and supported by procedures, educational tools, and governance structures. The chapter explains the reasoning behind the proposed policy’s main features: a broad definition of COI that includes financial, institutional, ideological, political, and relational interests; a preamble that frames COI as manageable rather than inherently blameworthy; and a principled structure emphasizing responsibilities, transparency, shared responsibility, decentralized management, solidarity in evaluation, reputation protection, prevention, and education. Particular attention is given to the limits of disclosure as a stand-alone mechanism and to the need for local procedures alongside central oversight. Although the draft policy was not formally adopted, the chapter shows how its underlying approach informed subsequent directives, forms, training, and awareness-raising initiatives. It offers a practical and adaptable model for other universities seeking to strengthen COI governance while fostering institutional culture change.