Prospective Study to Evaluate the Clinical Utility of Perioperative Pharmacogenomic Testing

In the perioperative realm, studies have demonstrated an association of genotype with efficacy of medications applicable to the surgical setting. A clinical association exists between the genotype of various genes and with opioid efficacy and toxicity - specifically for drugs such as oxycodone, codeine, morphine, fentanyl, and tramadol. More studies are needed to assess the effects of personalized dosing of analgesics during the perioperative process for various surgical procedures. The application of Pharmacogenomic testing (PGx) to perioperative medicine is novel, has much potential for growth and may potentially improve outcomes. However, successful implementation of a system to evaluate PGx and integrate results into clinical decision-making is challenging and has not been adequately assessed. The investigators propose to conduct PGx testing for patients undergoing surgery, evaluate its clinical utility, and assess outcomes. The investigators hypothesize that PGx testing may ultimately lead to a decrease in adverse events and improved outcomes in the perioperative period.