Evaluation of Temporomandibular Disorders and Their Association With Tooth Wear Using Digital Methods

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are considered complex conditions in dental practice due to their multifactorial etiology. Over the years, various diagnostic methods have been introduced; however, the most widely accepted model to explain the complexity of TMD is the biopsychosocial model. The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) Axis I and Axis II protocol is currently regarded as the gold standard for evaluating TMDs. Today, studies employing the DC/TMD framework are conducted in various populations. This study aims to assess the prevalence of TMD using updated diagnostic criteria. In addition, it seeks to evaluate the presence of tooth wear-one of the common clinical findings associated with TMD-through digital measurement and visual assessment tools, and to investigate its correlation with TMD. Specifically, the study will examine how changes in occlusal contact points due to bruxism and wear are reflected in functional changes within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the extent of tooth wear. The effects of both mild and severe tooth wear on TMJ health and their potential long-term implications for oral health will also be explored. The primary objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of TMD in the general population using the DC/TMD Axis I and Axis II protocols and to evaluate the impact of tooth wear-measured via digital intraoral scanners-on TMD. Special attention will be given to how changes in occlusal contact due to bruxism and wear influence stress distribution and adaptive remodeling in TMJ structures. Furthermore, the study aims to compare the effects of mild versus severe tooth wear on joint function, ultimately contributing to the development of early diagnosis and intervention strategies. Additionally, this study seeks to highlight the effectiveness of digital technologies, such as intraoral scanners and 3D modeling, in evaluating the relationship between tooth wear and TMJ disorders. By doing so, the