Study on the Improvement of Metabolic Indicators in Type 1 Diabetes Patients

In this study, type 1 diabetes patients from the outpatient department of Peking University First Hospital were selected as the research objects. The investigators plan to recruit 150 participants. Using the course and teaching plan of \"Take Control of My Life - Structured Education for Type 1 diabetes\" issued by the China Type 1 diabetes Alliance, offline teaching is carried out regularly for type 1 diabetes patients, aiming to improve participants' knowledge and skills of disease self-management and improve participants' self-management behavior. The course content includes diabetes diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, insulin injection, complication prevention, psychological adjustment, etc. The training will take place at Peking University First Hospital. On the basis of structured courses, regular outpatient follow-up will be further carried out for patients to standardize their treatment behavior, improve their blood sugar compliance rate and delay the occurrence and development of diabetes complications. The subject visit is conducted on-site at the Endocrinology Clinic of Peking University First Hospital. The usual visit period is once every 1-3 months, and the specific follow-up time is determined by medical staff based on the subject\'s condition. Each visit lasts 1-3 hours, and each subject is expected to be followed up for 1 year. During each visit, collect the medical history and some personal information of the subjects, complete the routine physical examination, draw blood to test diabetes related indicators (including the determination of fasting and postprandial blood glucose, C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin, islet autoantibodies, blood lipids, liver and kidney functions), and screen diabetes complications. At the time of enrollment and after 1 year of follow-up, diabetes related questionnaires mainly related to diabetes self-management behavior and psychological emotions.