Radiotherapy Plus Iparomlimab and Tuvonralimab (QL1706), Regorafenib, and CAPOX as Neoadjuvant Therapy for pMMR/MSS LARC.

This study is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-arm, Phase II clinical trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of short-term radiotherapy combined with Iparomlimab and Tuvonralimab (QL1706), Regorafenib, and CAPOX as neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. Additionally, the study seeks to explore the relationship between biomarkers in blood, urine, feces, and tumor tissue and treatment efficacy. Eligible participants (pMMR/MSS locally advanced rectal cancer) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to two groups, with randomization stratified by MRF (+ vs. -). Participants will: * Group A patients received two cycles of QL1706, regorafenib, and CAPOX induction therapy, followed by sequential short-course radiotherapy, and then continued with four cycles of QL1706, regorafenib, and CAPOX consolidation therapy. * Group B patients received short-course radiotherapy followed by six cycles of QL1706, regorafenib, and CAPOX consolidation therapy. After two cycles of neoadjuvant therapy in Group A and six cycles in Group B, efficacy was evaluated and decisions regarding surgery or watchful waiting were made based on efficacy.