Effects Of Motor Imagery and Sensorimotor Training

Many types of pain can occur in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), one of the most common types is neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain is directly related to the disease's demyelination process and is associated with dysesthetic pain, allodynia, hyperalgesia. For neuropathic pain in MS, there are numerous physical therapy and rehabilitation interventions focused on proprioception, balance reaction time management. Loss of proprioception is commonly observed in MS, this loss results from the demyelination of the central somatosensory pathways. Proprioception-the ability to perceive the position of the body and limbs relative to the environment-is also related to balance performance. Balance problems can be detected in the early stages of the disease, even if the patient has no disability. Another effect of MS is observed in reaction time. In MS, which is characterized by demyelination, axonal damage, a slowing of nerve conduction velocity leads to a decrease in information processing speed, resulting in prolonged reaction times. Neuromuscular training models designed to train the Central Nervous System (CNS) can be used to address these effects.Motor Imagery (MI) is one of the neuromuscular training models. Imagery can be defined as the use of all one's senses to create a mental image of an activity. MI is referred to as a brain-training method and utilizes the neuromatrix theory to inhibit pain. MI training aims to retrain the neural networks that activate the neuromatrix so that they become less sensitive to stimuli that would not normally cause pain. Lateralization is a method used in conjunction with MI to distinguish between the right and left sides of the painful area. The imagery phase involves visualizing the positions and movements of the painful areas. MI is a neuromuscular training model, and another neuromuscular training method is Sensorimotor (SM) training. It is known that SM, which applies repetitive sensorimotor stimulation, passively improves sensorimotor pe