TURN-COVID Biobank: The Dutch Cohort Study for the Evaluation of the Use of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies and Other Antiviral Agents Against SARS-CoV-2

Novel antiviral drugs can mark a turning point in the prevention and treatment of patients with Covid-19. Recently, several independent large phase-III RCTs have shown that the intravenous administration of one gift of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies can reduce the relative risk of hospital admission and/or death with 70-85% in seronegative patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection when given within 3 to 7 days after state of symptoms. Moreover, novel oral anti-viral compunds such as molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir could reduce the risk of hospitalisation or death by 30% to89% in at-risk adults with Covid-19. These are potential breakthroughs in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection and can be of special importantance for immunocompromised patients who have a diminished or complete lack of an effective humoral response towards Covid-19 vaccination. Monoclonal SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and antivirals have been given an emergency use authorization by regulatory authorities and are or will become available in the Netherlands to treat SARS-CoV-2 infected patients who are at high risk of developing severe disease. Now, urgent key questions need to be addressed: Which patient categories will benefit most from these new drugs? What are the SARS-CoV-2 viral load as well as inflammatory response kinetics during and after treatment with the new SARS-CoV-2 therapies? What is the safety profile in () patients; do new SARS-CoV-2 variants occur during treatment? This study aims to establish a prospective cohort together with a biobank of patients treated with new SARS-CoV-2 therapies to evaluate its real world effect and safety. Primary Objectives: * A. What are the SARS-CoV-2 viral load kinetics during and after treatment withneutralizing monoclonal antibodies and other antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2? * B. Do viralvariants, spike mutations and immune escape occur during treatment with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and other antiviral agents against SARS-Co