Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Gastric Disease in Bhutan: First Community-Wide, Population-Based Study

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a major risk factor for gastric cancer, yet in many developing countries, including Bhutan where gastric cancer incidence is high, access to screening and eradication is limited. The investigators conducted the first large-scale, population-based survey of H. pylori infection and gastric disease in Bhutan to provide baseline data before the launch of a national gastric cancer prevention program. Methods: Permanent residents aged ≥12 years from 24 villages under Dawakha Basic Health Unit II catchment area were enrolled (December 2019-March 2023). H. pylori status was determined by serum IgG testing, gastric atrophy by serum pepsinogen, and endoscopy was offered to high-risk groups.