Metabolomics and Bariatric Surgery in Patients With Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity

The goal of this observational study is to investigate metabolic changes in individuals undergoing bariatric surgery, specifically focusing on those with obesity and varying metabolic health statuses. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Can metabolic markers predict the transition from metabolically unhealthy obesity to metabolically healthy obesity after bariatric surgery? * How do metabolic profiles change in individuals with metabolically healthy obesity after bariatric surgery? * What are the metabolic differences between individuals with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity before and after bariatric surgery? Participants will undergo routine evaluations and blood tests before and after bariatric surgery. These tests will include assessments of metabolic health markers and sampling of blood plasma for metabolomic analysis. The study will study changes in metabolic profiles between individuals who transition to metabolically healthy obesity and those who remain metabolically unhealthy after surgery. In January 2025, a new definition of clinical obesity was proposed by the Lancet Commission, focusing on organ/system dysfunction induced by excess adiposity. In response, this study has expanded its objectives to assess the prevalence, predictors, and metabolomic correlates of clinical obesity and its remission after bariatric surgery.