Constructing a Predictive Model for Differentiating Between Benign and Malignant Solid Pulmonary Nodules Based on Clinical and Imaging Features.

Study Objective: To comprehensively analyze the preoperative clinical and imaging characteristics of solid pulmonary nodules, investigate the risk factors associated with malignant solid pulmonary nodules, and provide a reference for preoperative treatment decisions. Significance of the Study: According to the 2020 Global Cancer Report, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While the majority of patients with stage I lung cancer achieve long-term survival, survival rates for advanced-stage patients are extremely low. Early screening, diagnosis, and treatment of lung cancer are crucial. With the widespread implementation of early lung cancer screening, a growing number of pulmonary nodules are being detected, among which solid pulmonary nodules constitute a significant proportion. Unlike ground-glass nodules, accurately distinguishing between benign and malignant solid nodules is critical for determining appropriate treatment strategies. For benign solid nodules, follow-up observation is the preferred approach, whereas early surgical intervention is essential for malignant solid nodules. Although previous studies have explored the correlation between clinical and imaging characteristics, they have not conducted systematic analyses, and most have been based on small sample sizes. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of preoperative clinical and imaging characteristics, build a predictive model to differentiate between benign and malignant solid pulmonary nodules, and provide a reliable reference for selecting treatment strategies.