Assessment of the Predictive Value of the Acetic Acid Test in Surgery Condition for the Detection of Dysplastic Lesions in Patients With Anal Condylomatosis

Anal condylomatosis is an anal canal mucosa pathology caused by HPV infection (Human Papilloma Virus). This condition is common, especially in immunodepressed patients. These lesions are not accessible to topical medical treatment because of their location. They should be treated surgically because they may degenerate into squamous cell carcinoma. In the operating room, lesions are identified by a complete proctologic examination, more or less supplemented by an acetic acid test. Acetic acid allows to detect mucous degeneration (dysplasia) in the form of intense bleaching. The interpretation of this test may nevertheless be difficult in case of local inflammation or scarring. These false positives may lead to unnecessary surgical gestures. The surgical procedure consists of a mucosectomy or destruction of the condylomatosis by electrocoagulation. The acetic acid test is used at the discretion of the surgeon. However, there is little data on its performance or consensus on its use.