Pole-mounted power generation systems, structures and processes — Newdoll Enterprises Llc (US10020657B2)

ABSTRACT

Abstract

Solar power systems and structures are mountable to a power distribution structure, e.g. a power pole or tower, which supports alternating current (AC) power transmission lines. An exemplary power generation structure is fixedly attached to and extends from the power distribution structure, and comprises a mounting rack. A solar array, comprising at least one solar panel, is affixed to the mounting rack. A DC to AC inverter is connected between the DC outputs of the solar array and the AC power transmission lines. The length of the solar array is generally in alignment with the power distribution structure, and the width of the solar array is greater than half the circumference of the power distribution structure. The mounting rack and solar array may preferably be rotatable, such as based on any of location, time of day, or available light.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This Application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/949,611, filed Nov. 23, 2015, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/615,014, filed 13 Sep. 2012, which claims Priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/534,802, entitled Pole-Mounted Systems, Structures and Processes with Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking and Tracking Mechanisms, filed 14 Sep. 2011.

U.S. application Ser. No. 13/615,014 is also a Continuation in Part and claims priority for commonly disclosed matter to PCT Application No. PCT/US2010/045352, entitled Enhanced Solar Panels, Liquid Delivery Systems and Associated Processes for Solar Energy Systems, filed 12 Aug. 2010, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/234,181, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure, and Process with Enhanced Solar Panel Coating, Cleaning and Cooling, filed 14 Aug. 2009.

PCT Application No. PCT/US2010/045352 is also a Continuation in Part and claims priority for commonly disclosed matter to U.S. application Ser. No. 12/842,864, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 23 Jul. 2010, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,035,249 on 11 Oct. 2011, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/056,235, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 26 Mar. 2008, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,772,716 on 10 Aug. 2010, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/908,361, entitled Distributed Multiple Power Point Tracking, filed 27 Mar. 2007.

U.S. application Ser. No. 13/615,014 is also a Continuation in Part and claims priority for commonly disclosed matter to U.S. application Ser. No. 13/250,887, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 30 Sep. 2011, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,427,009 on 23 Apr. 2013, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/842,864, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 23 Jul. 2010, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,035,249 on 11 Oct. 2011, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/056,235, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 26 Mar. 2008, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,772,716 on 10 Aug. 2010, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/908,361, entitled Distributed Multiple Power Point Tracking, filed 27 Mar. 2007.

U.S. application Ser. No. 13/615,014 is also related to PCT Application No. PCT/US08/58473, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 27 Mar. 2008, which claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No. 12/056,235, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 26 Mar. 2008, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,772,716 on 10 Aug. 2010, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/908,361, entitled Distributed Multiple Power Point Tracking, filed 27 Mar. 2007.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

All public utilities in the United States have been tasked by the Federal Government to generate 25 percent of their electricity from renewable sources by 2020. Some states have mandated even higher percentages of renewable energy. For example, in 2011, California passed a law to raise the amount of renewable energy that all California utilities must use to 33 percent by 2020. While some states, such as California, already produce renewable energy through large hydropower installations, the need to increase electricity production through solar power is increasing rapidly.

Some current distributed solar panel installations, such as currently offered through Petra Solar, Inc., of South Plainfield N.J., comprise stationary brackets that are mountable to utility distribution poles, which support traditional, silicon-based, non-flexible solar panels that are locally connected to the power grid. In a typical installation, a 32 inch wide by 62 inch long silicon-based rigid solar panel is fixedly mounted at a +/−30 degree angle onto the a utility distribution pole.

Silicon panels are typically expensive, require direct light, and tolerate only a slight offset to the sun to provide power. As well, such silicon panels don't react to reflected light sources well. Furthermore, rigid silicon-based panels are fragile, and are susceptible to damage, such as by but not limited to rocks, bullets, or birds. As well, particularly when fixedly mounted at an inclined angle to a utility distribution pole, silicon-based panels are not self-cleaning, and are difficult to manually clean by hand.

It would be advantageous to provide a pole mounted solar power structure, process and system that provides enhanced power harvest, monitoring, and control for a wide variety of installations. The development of such a system would provide a significant advance to the efficiency and cost effectiveness of distributed power cells structures, processes, and systems.

One current alternative to traditional, silicon-based, non-flexible solar panels that are fixedly mounted to power distribution poles is offered through NextStep Electric, Inc., of Longmont, Colo. Flexible thin-film panels, having an adhesive backing, are wrapped directly to a power pole, and are connected to the local power grid through a micro-inverter 712 . When the mounting surface of the pole surface is clean, uncluttered, and consistent, the adhesive mounting of flexible thin-film panels may provide a fast, simple, and inexpensive installation. As the flexible panels are mounted vertically to the ground, they can be considered to be at least partially self-cleaning, since less dirt accumulates on the vertical panel surfaces, and at least a portion of any accumulated dirt is cleaned through any of wind, rain, dew, or fog.

Thin-film panels are typically less fragile than silicon panels. In most cases, a thrown rock will bounce off the panel without harm. While a gunshot may penetrate the panel and cause a small loss of efficiency, it will not normally disable the panel as with silicon. Furthermore, thin-film technology is more tolerant at producing electricity from indirect and reflected light than are traditional, silicon-based solar panels.

While installations that comprise flexible thin-film panels that are attached directly to power poles may provide easier installation, improved cleaning, and tolerance to incident light direction to that of traditional, silicon-based, non-flexible solar panels, such installations are inherently limited to the available circumferential surface area of the utility pole.

It would be advantageous to provide a pole mounted solar power structure, process and system that provides a greater surface area than that of flexible thin-film panels that are attached directly to power poles, which also provides any of enhanced cleaning, robustness, monitoring, and control for a wide variety of installations. The development of such a system would provide a further significant advance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Solar power systems and structures are mountable to a power distribution structure, e.g. a power pole or tower, which supports alternating current (AC) power transmission lines. An exemplary power generation structure is fixedly attached to and extends from the power distribution structure, and comprises a mounting rack. A solar array comprising at least one solar panel is affixed to the mounting rack. A DC to AC inverter is connected between the DC outputs of the solar array and the AC power transmission lines. The length of the solar array is generally in alignment with the power distribution structure, and the width of the solar array is greater than half the circumference of the power distribution structure. The mounting rack and solar array may preferably be rotatable, such as based on any of location, time of day, or available light.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a partial cutaway view of an enhanced solar panel structure having an outer coating layer;

FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic view of an array of enhanced solar panels having a rack mounting angle;

FIG. 3 is a top schematic view of an exemplary curved panel mount;

FIG. 4 is a front schematic view of an exemplary curved panel mount;

FIG. 5 is a side schematic view of an exemplary curved panel mount;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an exemplary curved panel mount;

FIG. 7 is a top schematic view of an exemplary curved channel stay;

FIG. 8 is a front schematic view of an exemplary curved channel stay;

FIG. 9 is a side schematic view of an exemplary curved channel stay;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an exemplary curved channel stay;

FIG. 11 is top schematic view of an exemplary flat panel mounting bracket;

FIG. 12 is a front schematic view of an exemplary flat panel mounting bracket;

FIG. 13 is a side schematic view of an exemplary flat panel mounting bracket;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an exemplary flat panel mounting bracket;

FIG. 15 is top schematic view of an exemplary horizontal channel stay;

FIG. 16 is a front schematic view of an exemplary horizontal channel stay;

FIG. 17 is a side schematic view of an exemplary horizontal channel stay;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of an exemplary horizontal channel stay;

FIG. 19 is a detailed top schematic view of an alternate embodiment of a curved panel mount;

FIG. 20 is a detailed top schematic view of an alternate embodiment of a flat panel mount;

FIG. 21 is a partial cutaway view of an exemplary vertical channel stay;

FIG. 22 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted stationary arched solar power structure;

FIG. 23 is a partial front view of an exemplary pole-mounted stationary arched solar power structure;

FIG. 24 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure;

FIG. 25 is a partial front view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure;

FIG. 26 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a first time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Eastward direction;

FIG. 27 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a second time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Southward direction;

FIG. 28 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a third time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Westward direction;

FIG. 29 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted stationary flat solar power structure;

FIG. 30 is a partial front view of an exemplary pole-mounted stationary flat solar power structure;

FIG. 31 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure;

FIG. 32 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a first time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Eastward direction;

FIG. 33 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a second time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Southward direction;

FIG. 34 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a third time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Westward direction;

FIG. 35 is a partial schematic view of a transmission line mounted solar power structure;

FIG. 36 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted arched solar concentrating power structure;

FIG. 37 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted flat solar concentrating power structure;

FIG. 38 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted arched solar power structure that is integrated with a wind turbine;

FIG. 39 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted flat solar power structure that is integrated with a wind turbine;

FIG. 40 is a flowchart of an exemplary operation of a pole mounted rotatable power module;

FIG. 41 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted solar power structure having an extended pivot structure;

FIG. 42 is a partial bird's eye schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a first time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Eastward direction;

FIG. 43 is a partial bird's eye schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure lo

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This Application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/949,611, filed Nov. 23, 2015, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/615,014, filed 13 Sep. 2012, which claims Priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/534,802, entitled Pole-Mounted Systems, Structures and Processes with Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking and Tracking Mechanisms, filed 14 Sep. 2011.

U.S. application Ser. No. 13/615,014 is also a Continuation in Part and claims priority for commonly disclosed matter to PCT Application No. PCT/US2010/045352, entitled Enhanced Solar Panels, Liquid Delivery Systems and Associated Processes for Solar Energy Systems, filed 12 Aug. 2010, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/234,181, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure, and Process with Enhanced Solar Panel Coating, Cleaning and Cooling, filed 14 Aug. 2009.

PCT Application No. PCT/US2010/045352 is also a Continuation in Part and claims priority for commonly disclosed matter to U.S. application Ser. No. 12/842,864, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 23 Jul. 2010, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,035,249 on 11 Oct. 2011, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/056,235, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 26 Mar. 2008, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,772,716 on 10 Aug. 2010, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/908,361, entitled Distributed Multiple Power Point Tracking, filed 27 Mar. 2007.

U.S. application Ser. No. 13/615,014 is also a Continuation in Part and claims priority for commonly disclosed matter to U.S. application Ser. No. 13/250,887, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 30 Sep. 2011, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,427,009 on 23 Apr. 2013, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/842,864, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 23 Jul. 2010, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,035,249 on 11 Oct. 2011, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/056,235, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 26 Mar. 2008, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,772,716 on 10 Aug. 2010, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/908,361, entitled Distributed Multiple Power Point Tracking, filed 27 Mar. 2007.

U.S. application Ser. No. 13/615,014 is also related to PCT Application No. PCT/US08/58473, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 27 Mar. 2008, which claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No. 12/056,235, entitled Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking System, Structure and Process, filed 26 Mar. 2008, which was issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,772,716 on 10 Aug. 2010, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/908,361, entitled Distributed Multiple Power Point Tracking, filed 27 Mar. 2007.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

All public utilities in the United States have been tasked by the Federal Government to generate 25 percent of their electricity from renewable sources by 2020. Some states have mandated even higher percentages of renewable energy. For example, in 2011, California passed a law to raise the amount of renewable energy that all California utilities must use to 33 percent by 2020. While some states, such as California, already produce renewable energy through large hydropower installations, the need to increase electricity production through solar power is increasing rapidly.

Some current distributed solar panel installations, such as currently offered through Petra Solar, Inc., of South Plainfield N.J., comprise stationary brackets that are mountable to utility distribution poles, which support traditional, silicon-based, non-flexible solar panels that are locally connected to the power grid. In a typical installation, a 32 inch wide by 62 inch long silicon-based rigid solar panel is fixedly mounted at a +/−30 degree angle onto the a utility distribution pole.

Silicon panels are typically expensive, require direct light, and tolerate only a slight offset to the sun to provide power. As well, such silicon panels don't react to reflected light sources well. Furthermore, rigid silicon-based panels are fragile, and are susceptible to damage, such as by but not limited to rocks, bullets, or birds. As well, particularly when fixedly mounted at an inclined angle to a utility distribution pole, silicon-based panels are not self-cleaning, and are difficult to manually clean by hand.

It would be advantageous to provide a pole mounted solar power structure, process and system that provides enhanced power harvest, monitoring, and control for a wide variety of installations. The development of such a system would provide a significant advance to the efficiency and cost effectiveness of distributed power cells structures, processes, and systems.

One current alternative to traditional, silicon-based, non-flexible solar panels that are fixedly mounted to power distribution poles is offered through NextStep Electric, Inc., of Longmont, Colo. Flexible thin-film panels, having an adhesive backing, are wrapped directly to a power pole, and are connected to the local power grid through a micro-inverter 712 . When the mounting surface of the pole surface is clean, uncluttered, and consistent, the adhesive mounting of flexible thin-film panels may provide a fast, simple, and inexpensive installation. As the flexible panels are mounted vertically to the ground, they can be considered to be at least partially self-cleaning, since less dirt accumulates on the vertical panel surfaces, and at least a portion of any accumulated dirt is cleaned through any of wind, rain, dew, or fog.

Thin-film panels are typically less fragile than silicon panels. In most cases, a thrown rock will bounce off the panel without harm. While a gunshot may penetrate the panel and cause a small loss of efficiency, it will not normally disable the panel as with silicon. Furthermore, thin-film technology is more tolerant at producing electricity from indirect and reflected light than are traditional, silicon-based solar panels.

While installations that comprise flexible thin-film panels that are attached directly to power poles may provide easier installation, improved cleaning, and tolerance to incident light direction to that of traditional, silicon-based, non-flexible solar panels, such installations are inherently limited to the available circumferential surface area of the utility pole.

It would be advantageous to provide a pole mounted solar power structure, process and system that provides a greater surface area than that of flexible thin-film panels that are attached directly to power poles, which also provides any of enhanced cleaning, robustness, monitoring, and control for a wide variety of installations. The development of such a system would provide a further significant advance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Solar power systems and structures are mountable to a power distribution structure, e.g. a power pole or tower, which supports alternating current (AC) power transmission lines. An exemplary power generation structure is fixedly attached to and extends from the power distribution structure, and comprises a mounting rack. A solar array comprising at least one solar panel is affixed to the mounting rack. A DC to AC inverter is connected between the DC outputs of the solar array and the AC power transmission lines. The length of the solar array is generally in alignment with the power distribution structure, and the width of the solar array is greater than half the circumference of the power distribution structure. The mounting rack and solar array may preferably be rotatable, such as based on any of location, time of day, or available light.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a partial cutaway view of an enhanced solar panel structure having an outer coating layer;

FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic view of an array of enhanced solar panels having a rack mounting angle;

FIG. 3 is a top schematic view of an exemplary curved panel mount;

FIG. 4 is a front schematic view of an exemplary curved panel mount;

FIG. 5 is a side schematic view of an exemplary curved panel mount;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an exemplary curved panel mount;

FIG. 7 is a top schematic view of an exemplary curved channel stay;

FIG. 8 is a front schematic view of an exemplary curved channel stay;

FIG. 9 is a side schematic view of an exemplary curved channel stay;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an exemplary curved channel stay;

FIG. 11 is top schematic view of an exemplary flat panel mounting bracket;

FIG. 12 is a front schematic view of an exemplary flat panel mounting bracket;

FIG. 13 is a side schematic view of an exemplary flat panel mounting bracket;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an exemplary flat panel mounting bracket;

FIG. 15 is top schematic view of an exemplary horizontal channel stay;

FIG. 16 is a front schematic view of an exemplary horizontal channel stay;

FIG. 17 is a side schematic view of an exemplary horizontal channel stay;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of an exemplary horizontal channel stay;

FIG. 19 is a detailed top schematic view of an alternate embodiment of a curved panel mount;

FIG. 20 is a detailed top schematic view of an alternate embodiment of a flat panel mount;

FIG. 21 is a partial cutaway view of an exemplary vertical channel stay;

FIG. 22 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted stationary arched solar power structure;

FIG. 23 is a partial front view of an exemplary pole-mounted stationary arched solar power structure;

FIG. 24 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure;

FIG. 25 is a partial front view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure;

FIG. 26 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a first time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Eastward direction;

FIG. 27 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a second time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Southward direction;

FIG. 28 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable arched solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a third time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Westward direction;

FIG. 29 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted stationary flat solar power structure;

FIG. 30 is a partial front view of an exemplary pole-mounted stationary flat solar power structure;

FIG. 31 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure;

FIG. 32 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a first time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Eastward direction;

FIG. 33 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a second time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Southward direction;

FIG. 34 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a third time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Westward direction;

FIG. 35 is a partial schematic view of a transmission line mounted solar power structure;

FIG. 36 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted arched solar concentrating power structure;

FIG. 37 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted flat solar concentrating power structure;

FIG. 38 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted arched solar power structure that is integrated with a wind turbine;

FIG. 39 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted flat solar power structure that is integrated with a wind turbine;

FIG. 40 is a flowchart of an exemplary operation of a pole mounted rotatable power module;

FIG. 41 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted solar power structure having an extended pivot structure;

FIG. 42 is a partial bird's eye schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a first time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Eastward direction;

FIG. 43 is a partial bird's eye schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a second time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Southward direction;

FIG. 44 is a partial bird's eye schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a third time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Westward direction;

FIG. 45 is a side schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a first time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Eastward direction;

FIG. 46 is a side schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a second time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Southward direction; and

FIG. 47 is a side schematic view of an exemplary pole-mounted rotatable flat solar power structure located in the Northern Hemisphere at a third time, wherein the solar array is rotatably positioned in a generally Westward direction.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Enhanced Coated Power Panels. The efficiency of solar panels 10 falls off rapidly as dirt and other impurities settles on the outer surface 435 of the panels 10 . The outer glass substrates 434 ( FIG. 1 ) on the surface of solar panels 10 , e.g. conventional solar panels 10 , typically contain microscopic voids, fissures, and/or scratches 436 , making them rough, wherein dust, dirt, scale, particulates, and other contaminants can readily adhere to the glass 434 .

FIG. 1 is a partial cutaway view of an enhanced solar panel structure 430 having a top coating layer 438 . It is advantageous to provide such improvements to the outer optical structures

432 , 434 for solar panels 10 , such as to provide enhanced cleaning, and/or to provide improved light adsorption. Coatings 438 can be applied to any of:

used, i.e. existing, solar panels 10 (such as with pre-cleaning); new but conventional solar panels 10 , e.g. in the field (such as with pre-treatment/cleaning); and/or new enhanced solar panels 10 , with enhanced coatings 438 applied during production (before shipment).

In some embodiments, the coating materials 438 are described as nano-technology materials, as they provide enhanced cleaning and/or improved light adsorption on any of a macroscopic or microscopic level. For example, the coatings 438 may preferably fill in or reduce voids fissures, and/or scratches 436 . As well, the coatings 438 may preferably prevent or reduce buildup of dust, dirt, scale, particulates, and/or other contaminants on the solar panel glass 434 .

In some embodiments, the enhanced coatings may preferably comprise hydrophobic coatings 438 , e.g. comprising silicon oxide, and/or hydrophilic coatings 438 , e.g. comprising titanium oxide.

For example a thin layer, e.g. such as but not limited to about 5,000 Angstroms thick, of a hydrophobic coating 438 , provides a surface to which dust and dirt has difficulty adhering. One such hydrophobic coating 438 currently used comprises a Teflon™ based coating 438 , wherein incoming water, such as sprayed on, poured on, or occurring through other means, e.g. rain, condensation, or fog, beads up on the glass 434 , such as by reducing the surface contact between the liquid and the glass 434 , and allowing the water to roll off, thereby accelerating the cleaning process.

The use of hydrophilic coatings 438 , coupled with sunlight and moisture, may preferably react with deposits that land on the glass 434 , such as to break down organic material to a point where it blows away in the wind, or washes off with water.

In some exemplary embodiments, the enhanced coatings may preferably comprise hydrophobic coatings 438 , e.g. comprising silicon oxide, or hydrophilic coatings 438 , e.g. comprising titanium oxide.

Other exemplary embodiments of the enhanced coatings 438 comprise both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, such as to provide a coating material that provides any of reaction with and/or repelling incident water and/or contaminants.

Further exemplary embodiments of the enhanced coatings 438 may preferably comprise a component, e.g. an interference coating 438 , that reduces the reflectivity of the glass 434 , such as to allow more light to penetrate the glass and strike the solar cell structure 432 , to produce more electricity.

Solar panels 10 , e.g. such as conventional solar panels may therefore be enhanced by any of a wide variety of coatings 438 , such as to repel water, absorb light, and/or break down organic material. Such enhanced coatings 438 may preferably be used for any of reducing dirt buildup on solar panel glass layers 434 , reducing cleaning time, and/or increasing the level of cleanliness achievable through cleaning procedures.

Rack Mounting Angles for Solar Panel Arrays.

FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic view 440 of an array 34 of solar panels 10 , e.g. enhanced solar panels 10 a - 10 n , such as assembled with one or more frame members 444 , having a rack mounting angle ø 446 .

Fluid delivery systems 452 , such as but not limited to a manifold and one or more spray mechanisms, may preferably provide any of cleaning and/or cooling for one or more solar panels 10 , such as by spraying or otherwise distributing water, which may further comprise a cleaner, over the incident surfaces 450 a of an array 34 of one or more panels 10 .

As seen in FIG. 2 , the exemplary panels 10 have a rack mounting angle 446 . Conventional solar panel arrays have commonly been mounted with a rack angle 446 greater than zero degrees, such as to provide an increase in power harvest. For example, many solar panel arrays 34 located in the Northern hemisphere have a rack mounting angle of about 8-10 degrees.

A conventional array 34 of solar panels 10 that are installed flat on a flat roof can theoretically provide 100 percent coverage across the roof, while a conventional array of solar panels 10 that are installed with an eight degree slope on such a roof provides about 90 percent coverage, because of the aisle typically required between racking systems, such as to avoid shading between racks.

Panel arrays 34 that have substantially higher rack angles, e.g. 20 degrees, have a higher front to back height ratio, which typically requires a larger distance between the racking structural rows, thereby resulting in less room for panels 10 , such as for a horizontal roof installation. e.g. about 70 percent coverage for a flat roof system.

In an enhanced power generation system 40 that includes a fluid delivery system 452 , such as for cleaning and/or cooling, the rack angle 446 may preferably be chosen for fluid movement, e.g. water run off, as well as for power harvest.

For example, one current embodiment of an enhanced power generation system 40 that includes a fluid delivery system 452 , installed in Menlo Park, Calif., has a rack mounting angle 446 of about 8 degrees toward the South, which serves to increase power harvest and also allows testing of a fluid delivery system 452 .

The specific rack angle 446 for a solar panel installation may preferably be chosen to facilitate self-cleaning during rainfall, automated, i.e. robotic, cleaning, and/or automated cooling, such as to reduce or avoid maintenance and/or cleaning problems associated with flat mounted panels 10 .

For example, for the specific solar panels 10 used for the aforementioned installation, and as recommended for many fluid delivery systems 452 , a rack angle 446 of at least 10 degrees (toward the South in the Northern hemisphere or toward the North in the Southern hemisphere) may preferably provide greater fluid movement, e.g. water run off, such as to decrease residual build up of impurities along the surface and lower edges of the solar panels 10 .

As the rack mounting angle 446 is increased, such as between 15-20 degrees toward the Equator, fluid runoff is increased, which can promote fluid reclamation and avoid deposition of contaminants at the lower edges of solar panels 10 . The increased rack angle 446 also typically allows for a higher total year round harvest of electricity for installations that can accommodate such configurations, since in the winter, the Sun is lower on the horizon, so the additional tilt 446 of the panels 10 allows more light to be harvested. Because the higher slope results in better cleaning, there is a trade off between effective cleaning and the concentration of panels 10 on the roof.

Enhanced Pole-Mounted Solar Power Systems, Structures and Processes.

Enhanced solar power structures provide a wide variety of solutions for solar power production throughout many distributed environments.

Numerous regions within the United States and across the world use power distribution structures 702 , such as but not limited to elevated poles and/or towers 702 ( FIG. 22 , FIG. 23 ), to support power lines 704 ( FIG. 22 , FIG. 23 ) and/or phone lines, wherein the poles and/or towers 702 are typically installed, operated, and maintained by respective utilities. While some areas, such as within urban or suburban environments, have installed power lines 702 and/or communication land lines below ground, a vast number or poles and towers 702 remain in service.

Several embodiments of enhanced power structures 700 , e.g. 700 a ( FIG. 22 ); 700 j ( FIG. 41 ), are mountable to such poles and/or towers 702 , to provide localized controlled production of solar power, which may preferably further comprise a local DC to AC power inverter 54 that is connectable 714 to the neighboring power grid 58 , and may be configured to send and/or receive signals 722 ( FIG. 22 ) over respective communication links 22 .

The exemplary enhanced power structures 700 disclosed herein typically provide support for one or more solar panels 10 , such as for but not limited to flat or arched embodiments 700 . In stationary embodiments 700 , the panels 10 may preferably be aligned toward the Equator, wherein the panels 10 may preferably be aligned toward the South if installed in the Northern Hemisphere, or toward the North, if installed in the Southern Hemisphere.

Rotatable configurations of enhanced power structures 700 are also disclosed herein, wherein the solar arrays 34 may be aligned to increase the power harvest based on any of location, time of day, available light, or any combination thereof. For example, some embodiments of the enhanced power structures 700 are controllably rotatable to face toward East in the morning, toward the South at midday, and toward the West at sunset.

Panel Mount Structures.

FIG. 3 is a top schematic view of an exemplary curved frame structure 460 a . FIG. 4 is a front schematic view 480 of an exemplary curved frame structure 460 a . FIG. 5 is a side schematic view 490 of an exemplary curved frame structure 460 a . FIG. 6 is a perspective view 500 of an exemplary curved frame structure 460 a . In some embodiments, the curved frame structures 460 a are comprised of corrosion resistant metal strips 462 , 464 , 466 , 468 , e.g. such as comprising but not limited to stainless steel.

The exemplary curved frame structure 460 a seen in FIG. 3 comprises an inner pole mount 462 , which may be directly connectable to a pole structure 702 , such as for stationary structures 700 , or may be rotatably mounted to a pole structure 702 , such as with a concentric bearing assembly 736 ( FIG. 24 ), for rotatable power generation structures 700 . The exemplary curved frame structure 460 a seen in FIG. 3 also comprises a curved face frame 464 and a rear support frame 466 , which are fixably attached to the inner pole mount 462 , such as with extension brackets 468 . The exemplary curved frame structure 460 a seen in FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 may preferably be constructed with fasteners, or weldably fabricated.

FIG. 7 is a top schematic view of an exemplary curved channel stay 510 . FIG. 8 is a front schematic view 520 of an exemplary curved channel stay 510 , having an inner side 522 a that corresponds to an attached solar array 34 , and an outer side 522 b opposite the inner side 522 a . The exemplary curved channel stay seen in FIG. 7 comprises a frame attachment face 514 b having a mounting surface 516 , such as for connection to a curved face frame 464 ( FIG. 32 ). The radius 512 of the frame attachment face 514 b corresponds to the outer convex surface of the curved face frame 464 . The exemplary curved channel stay seen in FIG. 7 also comprises a convex array attachment face 514 a opposite the concave frame attachment face 514 b , which comprises an attachment boss 518 having a channel 524 for retaining a solar array 34 , comprising one or more solar panel 10 .

FIG. 9 is a side schematic view 530 of an exemplary curved channel stay 510 . FIG. 10 is a perspective view 540 of an exemplary curved channel stay 510 . In some embodiments, screw holes 542 ( FIG. 10 ) are defined in the curved channel stays 510 , and may preferably be countersunk to avoid interference. To mount the main support, the user USR first slides a solar array 34 into place, using vertical channel stays 690 ( FIG. 21 ). Once in place, the top and bottom curved channel stays 510 are bolted, to lock the solar panel 10 in place. A sealant 694 ( FIG. 21 ), e.g. an epoxy sealant, may be applied to hold the solar panel 10 in the respective channels 524 .

FIG. 11 is top schematic view of an exemplary flat panel mounting frame 460 b . The exemplary frame structure 460 b seen in FIG. 11 comprises an inner pole mount structure 462 , which may be directly connectable to a pole structure 702 , such as for stationary structures 700 , or may be rotatably mounted to a pole structure 702 , such as with a concentric bearing assembly 736 ( FIG. 24 ), for rotatable power generation structures 700 . The exemplary frame structure 460 b seen in FIG. 11 also comprises a planar face frame 552 , such as having a defined width 554 , e.g. 24 inches, and braces 566 that are fixably attached between the inner pole mount 462 and the planar face frame 552 . FIG. 12 is a front schematic view 580 of an exemplary planar panel mounting frame 460 b , having a first side 582 a , and a second side 582 b opposite the first side 582 a . FIG. 13 is a side schematic view 590 of an exemplary planar panel mounting frame 460 b . FIG. 14 is a perspective view 600 of an exemplary planar panel mounting frame 460 b . In some embodiments, the planar panel mounting frames 460 b are comprised of corrosion resistant metal strips, e.g. stainless steel, such as for ease of use and longevity in the field. The exemplary planar frame structures 460 b seen in FIG. 11 to FIG. 14 may preferably be constructed with fasteners, or may be weldably fabricated.

FIG. 15 is top schematic view of an exemplary <figure-callout id="620" label="planar channel stay" filenames="US10020657-20180710-D

CLAIMS

Claims ( 26 )

The invention claimed is:

1. A system, comprising:

a mounting structure that is configured for attachment to a power distribution structure, wherein the power distribution structure is configured to support alternating current (AC) power transmission lines that are connected to a power grid, wherein the power distribution structure has a defined axis and a defined circumference, and wherein the mounting structure includes a mounting rack that is configured to extend from the power distribution structure;

a solar array comprising at least one solar panel that is affixed to the mounting rack, and DC outputs extending from the solar array; and

an DC to AC inverter connected between the DC outputs of the solar array and the AC power transmission lines.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the solar array has a defined length and width.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the length of the solar array is generally aligned with the defined axis of the power distribution structure.

4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the width of the solar array is greater than half the circumference of the power distribution structure.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mounting rack is mountable on top of the AC power transmission lines.

6. The system of claim 5 , further comprising:

a dielectric material for separating the mounting rack and the solar array from the AC power transmission lines.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the power distribution structure comprises any of a power distribution pole or a power distribution tower.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the DC to AC inverter further comprises:

a control module, and

a communications link connected to the control module;

wherein the control module comprises:

input connections that are connected to the solar array,

output connections that are connected to the DC to AC inverter,

a signal processing circuit connected to the input connections, and

a controller that is connected to the signal processing circuit, wherein the controller is connected to any of a computer or a server through the communications link;

wherein the DC output of the solar array is controllably adjustable in response to an input signal that is sent from the computer or server and received at the controller over the communications link.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the solar array and at least a portion of the mounting structure are rotatable with respect to the power distribution structure.

10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a rotation mechanism that is configured to rotate the mounting rack and the solar array with respect to the power distribution structure.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the rotation mechanism is controllably responsive to a signal.

12. The system of claim 10 , wherein the rotation mechanism is responsive to any of location, time of day, available light, or any combination thereof.

13. The system of claim 10 , wherein the rotation mechanism is configured to rotate the mounting rack and the solar array based on the direction of incident solar energy.

14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mounting rack and the solar array are substantially planar.

15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mounting rack and the solar array are curved.

16. The system of claim 1 , wherein the solar array is substantially rigid.

17. The system of claim 1 , wherein the solar array is flexible.

18. The system of claim 1 , wherein the solar array further comprises at least one heliostat mechanism.

19. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a wind turbine mounted to the power distribution structure and connected to the AC power transmission lines.

20. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

an access structure affixed to the power distribution structure that is configured to provide access to any of the AC power transmission lines, the mounting structure, the solar array, or the DC to AC inverter.

21. A process for locally harvesting solar power, comprising:

attaching a power generation structure to a power distribution structure that supports alternating current (AC) power transmission lines, wherein the power distribution structure has a defined circumference, and wherein the power generation structure comprises:

a mounting structure that includes a mounting rack,

a solar array comprising at least one solar panel that is affixed to the mounting rack, and DC outputs extending from the solar array, and

a DC to AC inverter connected between the DC outputs of the solar array and the AC power transmission lines;

wherein the attaching the power generation structure to the power distribution structure comprises attaching the mounting structure to the power distribution structure, such that the mounting structure extends from the power distribution structure;

collecting solar energy through the solar array;

inverting the DC power from the solar array to AC power through the DC to AC inverter; and

transferring the AC power to the AC power transmission lines.

22. The process of claim 21 , wherein the solar array has a defined length and width.

23. The process of claim 22 , wherein the length of the solar array is generally aligned with the power distribution structure.

24. The process of claim 22 , wherein the width of the solar array is greater than half the circumference of the power distribution structure.

25. The process of claim 21 , wherein the mounting rack and the solar array are rotatable, and wherein the process further comprises:

controllably rotating the mounting rack and the solar array.

26. The process of claim 25 , wherein the controllably rotating the mounting rack and the solar array is based on any of location, time of day, available light, or any combination thereof.

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