$\mathrm{CS}\mathfrak{X}$-groups and free constructions

Let $\X$ be a variety of groups. A group $G$ is $\CSX$ if its maximal $\X$-subgroups are malnormal. We prove that the amalgamated free product of two $\CSX$-groups with a malnormal amalgam and without any involutions is again $\CSX$. Using this, we describe conditions under which the HNN-extension o