Grain-Size Dependence of Thermal and Electrical Properties in (Cr,Mo,Ta,V,W)C1-δ High-Entropy Carbide Ceramics

Thermal and electrical transport in high-entropy carbides can be influenced by grain-boundary scattering, but the relevant microstructural regime remains uncertain. Here, near-fully dense $(Cr,Mo,Ta,V,W)C_{1-δ}$ ceramics were densified by spark plasma sintering at 1750-1950 °C, producing average gra