The development and validation of the Functional Independent Coping Scale (FICS): Determining the effects of functional independence toward coping processes in spinal cord injury

Much of the past research cited in this review categorizes people with SCI as having one homogeneous injury. Where the level of injury was differentiated and included as a variable, its contribution to coping or adjustment has not been clarified or understood. Chang (1995) posits that spinal cord in