Calculation of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure including left atrial function is superior to morphology alone and accurately identifies elevated filling pressures in left heart disease

Background: Right heart catheterization (RHC) with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) assessment is the reference standard for diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but remains largely underused. Different approaches for non-invasive PCWP calculation have been p