HELMINTH INFECTIONS: IMMUNOLOGICAL EVASION AND METABOLIC EXPLOITATION — PATHOGENESIS AND NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS

HELMINTH INFECTIONS: IMMUNOLOGICAL EVASION AND METABOLIC EXPLOITATION — PATHOGENESIS AND NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS | Zenodo Skip to main Communities My dashboard Log in Sign up Published April 24, 2026 | Version v1 Journal article Open HELMINTH INFECTIONS: IMMUNOLOGICAL EVASION AND METABOLIC EXPLOITATION — PATHOGENESIS AND NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS Authors/Creators Ashurov, Azizbek (Data collector) 1 Kungirotova, Anorxol (Data collector) 2 Show affiliations 1.

Tashkent Medical Academy, Termiz Branch Faculty of General Medicine, Faculty 2 1st Year Student 2.

Assistant, Department of Medical Biology and Histology Description This systematic review aims to decode the mechanisms of metabolic exploitation and immune evasion employed by helminths that disrupt host homeostasis, as well as their objective clinical consequences. The study was conducted based on sources selected from international databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, covering the last decade (2016–2026) and complying with PRISMA standards. The analysis demonstrates that helminths activate anaerobic cascades (notably phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, PEPCK) to utilize host energy substrates and release cytotoxic metabolites into the tissue microenvironment. In parallel, parasite-derived excretory-secretory (ES) mediators polarize macrophages toward a pathological M2 phenotype and artificially shift the Th2/Treg tolerance axis into a dominant state. Such biochemical interference results in pronounced oxidative stress, granulomatous fibrosis of tissues, and functional decompensation of organs. Files 5-10 Ashurov MEDICAL.pdf Files (681.5 kB) Name Size Download all 5-10 Ashurov MEDICAL.pdf md5:fe3cfe4126f1f539fc1922df3765a7e2 681.5 kB Preview Download Additional details References 1. Altman, D., Wang, Y., & Martinez, C. (2018). Macrophage-driven fibrosis in chronic parasitic infections. Journal of Immunology, 201(4), 1102-1115. 2. Anderson, T. M., Collins, R., & Patel, S. (2022). Nutritional competition and mechanical malabsorption in intestinal helminthiases. Parasitology Today, 38(2), 145-156. 3. Berriman, M., Haas, B. J., & LoVerde, P. T. (2016). Metabolic pathways of tegumental glucose transport in parasitic nematodes. Nature Genetics, 48(6), 654-660. 4. Brooker, S. J., & Pullan, R. L. (2013). The global burden of soil-transmitted helminth infections. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 13(1), 52-62. 5. Cucher, M. A., Macchiaroli, N., & Kamenetzky, L. (2020). Parasitic microRNAs as biomarkers for early detection of fibrotic tissue changes. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14(9), e0008515. 6. Dixon, J. B., Smith, L. K., & Jones, A. R. (2014). Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in helminth-induced tissue damage. Cellular Microbiology, 16(5), 701-713. 7. Gause, W. C., & Maizels, R. M. (2022). Monoclonal antibodies targeting helminth excretory-secretory products: A new therapeutic frontier. Trends in Parasitology, 38(11), 915-927. 8. Gause, W. C., Wynn, T. A., & Allen, J. E. (2020). Alternatively activated macrophages in helminth infections: Tissue repair versus fibrosis. Annual Review of Immunology, 38, 287-312. 9. Hotez, P. J., Fenwick, A., & Molyneux, D. H. (2022). The macroeconomic impact of neglected tropical diseases in endemic regions. Global Public Health, 17(3), 420-435. 10. Hotez, P. J., Harrison, W., & Fenwick, A. (2023). 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(2018). Molecular mimicry and immune evasion strategies of tissue-dwelling helminths. Nature Reviews Immunology, 18(10), 625-639. 17. McSorley, H. J., Hewitson, J. P., & Maizels, R. M. (2013). Helminth-derived excretory-secretory products manipulate regulatory T cell differentiation. Immunology, 139(1), 1-10. 18. Sorci, G., & Garnier, R. (2013). Evolutionary ecology of parasite virulence. Parasite Immunology, 35(11), 346-353. 19. Tielens, A. G. M., van Hellemond, J. J., & van der Meer, P. (2014). Energy metabolism in anaerobic eukaryotes and complex helminths. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, 1837(7), 1089-1097. 20. Venugopal, K., Ali, M., & Rahman, S. (2020). Portal hypertension and architectural collapse in chronic Schistosoma mansoni infection. Hepatology, 72(4), 1365-1378. 21. Vos, T., Lim, S. S., Abbafati, C., et al. (2020). Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet, 396(10258), 1204-1222. 22. World Health Organization. (2023). Soil-transmitted helminth infections. WHO Press. 23. Wynn, T. A., & Ramalingam, T. R. (2012). Mechanisms of fibrosis: Therapeutic translation for fibrotic disease. Nature Medicine, 18(7), 1028-1040. 24. Zheng, F., Wang, X., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Lipid-binding proteins in parasitic nematodes: Nutrient acquisition and host exploitation. Parasites & Vectors, 12(1), 45-56. 42 Views 31 Downloads Show more details All versions This version Views Total views 42 42 Downloads Total downloads 31 31 Data volume Total data volume 22.5 MB 22.5 MB More info on how stats are collected.... Versions External resources Indexed in OpenAIRE Communities Keywords and subjects Keywords Helminth infections immune evasion metabolic exploitation Details DOI DOI Badge DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19722868 Markdown [](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19722868) reStructuredText .. image:: https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19722868.svg :target: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19722868 HTML <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19722868"><img src="https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19722868.svg" alt="DOI"></a> Image URL https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19722868.svg Target URL https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19722868 Resource type Journal article Publisher Zenodo Published in JOURNAL OF APPLIED MEDICAL SCIENCES, 9(03), 5-10, ISSN: 2984-6730, 2026. Languages English Rights License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International The Creative Commons Attribution license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited. Read more Citation Export Technical metadata Created April 24, 2026 Modified April 24, 2026 Jump up About About Policies Infrastructure Principles Projects Roadmap Contact Blog Blog Support Help FAQ Developers REST API OAI-PMH Contribute GitHub Donate Funded by Powered by CERN Data Centre & InvenioRDM Status Privacy policy Cookie policy Terms of Use This site uses cookies. Find out more on how we use cookies Accept all cookies Accept only essential cookies

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