Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity in Breast Cancer Patients Under Hormone Therapy

This study aims to evaluate body weight status, lifestyle patterns, and cardiometabolic risk in women in remission from breast cancer undergoing adjuvant hormone therapy, and to assess the effects of a structured nutritional intervention based on the Mediterranean diet combined with physical activity promotion. A total of 150 women treated with adjuvant hormone therapy are recruited from the oncology department of Akid Othmane Hospital in Oran, Algeria. Participants include women receiving tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors. Baseline assessments include anthropometric measurements (body weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences), socioeconomic characteristics, and lifestyle evaluation. Dietary intake is assessed using 24-hour dietary recalls and 3-day food records. Total energy intake, macronutrient and micronutrient composition, dietary habits, meal distribution, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MEDAS score) are evaluated. Physical activity level, sedentary behavior, daily energy expenditure, and energy balance are also determined. Cardiometabolic risk is assessed through measurement of blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides), uric acid, albumin, creatinine, urea, and calculation of atherogenic ratios. A structured educational program promoting adherence to the Mediterranean diet and increased physical activity is implemented. Anthropometric, dietary, lifestyle, and cardiometabolic parameters are monitored over time to evaluate changes associated with the intervention.