Comparison of Pain ReliefofBupivacaineWith Dexmedetomidine and Bupivacaine Alone in TransversusAbdominisPlane Block For Postoperative Anelgesia in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgeries

Postoperative pain related to abdominal surgeries poses significant burden on the healthcare system, in terms of increased use of different analgesics, delayed ambulation, pulmonary complications, DVT, and prolonged hospital stays. Abdominal wall is major source of pain and there have been much debate in the past to bring up the effective, low cost and prolong pain relief to the patients after abdominal surgeries. But yet a consensus has to be developed about which analgesic to be used for most efficient and prolonged pain relief. Though, many studies have been done on TAP block and different combinations have been tried in TAP block, like, dexmedetomidine, midazolam, ropivacaine, but we still lack local data. Recent studies have shown very promising results in terms of efficacy and duration of block by mixing bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine, alongwith minimal side effects to the patients. This randomised control trial will enroll 88 patients coming to Anesthesia department of Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan, for abdominal surgeries, judged on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, into two groups of equal sizes. TAP block will be given to all patients bilaterally at the end of procedure after extubation in operation room. One group will be given bupivacainemixed with dexmedetomidine, while the other group will receive bupivacaine only, and they will be followed upto 12 hours postoperatively in post surgical ICU. Study protocol will be according to the ethical standards declared by Helsinki. For both the groups, HR, BP, SpO2,VAS score,rescue analgesia and sedation score stated on the clinical proforma will be assessed. After appropriate sample collection,patient data will be sorted in SPSS v23 through which statistical analysis using corresponding statistical functions and tests will be done.Quantitative data (like heart rate, mean arterial pressure, VAS score etc.) will be analysed using t-test. For qualitative variable(pain relief, bradycardia nause