Using Two Different Attachments (Equator Vs Ball and Sockets) Retaining Mandibular Implant Overdenture in Order to See Bone Changes and Occlusal Force Distribution

Alveolar ridge resorption is an unavoidable consequence in complete denture wearers due to limited retention and stability. Implant-retained overdentures enhance retention, stability, and masticatory performance while reducing ridge resorption and improving patients' quality of life. Among attachment systems, ball-type anchors have long been favored for their simplicity and cost-effectiveness. However, the Equator attachment has emerged as a refined alternative, providing superior retention and stability for implant overdentures. Functional performance can be evaluated through electromyography, which records masticatory muscle activity, and the T-Scan system, which analyzes occlusal force distribution and timing during dynamic occlusion. Additionally, bite force measurement serves as a key indicator of prosthetic efficiency and neuromuscular function, with implant-retained overdentures showing higher values than conventional dentures. This study aimed to compare bone level changes, occlusal force distribution in patients wearing mandibular implant overdentures retained by Equator and ball-and-socket attachments.