Erector Spinae Block Using a Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulfate as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine

This prospective parallel group randomized study will be conducted over 52 adult participants between 20 and 60 years ASA (American Association of Anesthesiologists) I and II undergoing lumbar spine surgery. The participants will be randomly allocated into 2 groups. Group BM (Bupivacaine + magnesium sulfate) will receive bilateral erector spinae block using bupivacaine and magnesium sulfate after induction of general anesthesia, while group BD (Bupivacaine + dexmedetomidine) will receive bilateral erector spinae block using bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine after induction of general anesthesia. Hemodynamic changes will be monitored intraoperatively, and postoperative pain will be assessed using the visual analogue scale in order to assess the need for postoperative analgesia.