Quantifying Quantum Computational Advantage on a Processor of Ultracold Atoms

[2210.08556] Quantifying Quantum Computational Advantage on a Processor of Ultracold Atoms Skip to main content Search Submit Donate Log in Search arXiv Press Enter to search · Advanced search Condensed Matter > Quantum Gases arXiv:2210.08556 (cond-mat) [Submitted on 16 Oct 2022 ( v1 ), last revised 11 Apr 2026 (this version, v2)] Title: Quantifying Quantum Computational Advantage on a Processor of Ultracold Atoms Authors: Yong-Guang Zheng , Ying-Chao Shen , Wei-Yong Zhang , An Luo , Ying Liu , Ming-Gen He , Hao-Ran Zhang , Wan Lin , Han-Yi Wang , Zi-Hang Zhu , Pei-Yue Qiu , Tian-Yi Wang , Ming-Cheng Chen , Chao-Yang Lu , Supanut Thanasilp , Dimitris G. Angelakis , Zhen-Sheng Yuan , Jian-Wei Pan View a PDF of the paper titled Quantifying Quantum Computational Advantage on a Processor of Ultracold Atoms, by Yong-Guang Zheng and 17 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract: Nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems is challenging for classical computing, providing opportunities for demonstrating practical quantum computational advantage with analogue quantum simulators. Owing to the intimate connection with a random matrix ensemble, it is proposed to be classically intractable to sample the driven thermalized many-body states of a Bose-Hubbard system, and further extract multi-point correlations from the output-strings for characterizing quantum systems. Here, leveraging dedicated precise manipulations and atom-number-resolved detection through a quantum gas microscope with bichromatic superlattices, we perform sampling of the driven Hubbard chains and two-leg ladders in the thermalized phase involving up to 64 sites with 20 atoms, yielding a Hilbert space dimension of $10^{19}$ and outpacing the most powerful supercomputer in terms of sampling rate by three orders of magnitude. The volume law scaling of the \Renyi entanglement entropy in the thermalized phase is observed, which hinders efficient classical simulation for large systems. We employ the Bayesian tests to verify that our prepared systems operate in the driven thermalized phase. Multi-point correlations of up to 14th-order extracted from the experimental samples offer clear distinctions between the thermalized and many-body-localized phases, where classical computations such as tensor network fails to give accurate and faithful predictions within a reasonable time cost. Our work demonstrates the sampling of a interacting chaotic system performed on a quantum processor of ultracold atoms and opens the door of utilizable quantum computational advantage in simulating Floquet dynamics of many-body systems. Comments: 26 pages, 26 figures, close to published format Subjects: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas) ; Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2210.08556 [cond-mat.quant-gas] (or arXiv:2210.08556v2 [cond-mat.quant-gas] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.08556 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Journal reference: Physical Review X, 16, 021057, 2026 Related DOI : https://doi.org/10.1103/5mqb-3by1 Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources Submission history From: Yong-Guang Zheng [ view email ] [v1] Sun, 16 Oct 2022 14:55:49 UTC (3,971 KB) [v2] Sat, 11 Apr 2026 08:48:48 UTC (6,430 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Quantifying Quantum Computational Advantage on a Processor of Ultracold Atoms, by Yong-Guang Zheng and 17 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: cond-mat.quant-gas < prev | next > new | recent | 2022-10 Change to browse by: cond-mat quant-ph References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... 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