M$^{2}$SNet: Multi-scale in Multi-scale Subtraction Network for Medical Image Segmentation

[2303.10894] M$^{2}$SNet: Multi-scale in Multi-scale Subtraction Network for Medical Image Segmentation Skip to main content Search Submit Donate Log in Search arXiv Press Enter to search · Advanced search Computer Science > Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition arXiv:2303.10894 (cs) [Submitted on 20 Mar 2023 ( v1 ), last revised 11 Apr 2026 (this version, v3)] Title: M$^{2}$SNet: Multi-scale in Multi-scale Subtraction Network for Medical Image Segmentation Authors: Xiaoqi Zhao , Hongpeng Jia , Youwei Pang , Long Lv , Feng Tian , Lihe Zhang , Weibing Sun , Huchuan Lu View a PDF of the paper titled M$^{2}$SNet: Multi-scale in Multi-scale Subtraction Network for Medical Image Segmentation, by Xiaoqi Zhao and 7 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract: Accurate medical image segmentation is critical for early medical diagnosis. Most existing methods are based on U-shape structure and use element-wise addition or concatenation to fuse different level features progressively in decoder. However, both the two operations easily generate plenty of redundant information, which will weaken the complementarity between different level features, resulting in inaccurate localization and blurred edges of lesions. To address this challenge, we propose a general multi-scale in multi-scale subtraction network (M$^{2}$SNet) to finish diverse segmentation from medical image. Specifically, we first design a basic subtraction unit (SU) to produce the difference features between adjacent levels in encoder. Next, we expand the single-scale SU to the intra-layer multi-scale SU, which can provide the decoder with both pixel-level and structure-level difference information. Then, we pyramidally equip the multi-scale SUs at different levels with varying receptive fields, thereby achieving the inter-layer multi-scale feature aggregation and obtaining rich multi-scale difference information. In addition, we build a training-free network ``LossNet'' to comprehensively supervise the task-aware features from bottom layer to top layer, which drives our multi-scale subtraction network to capture the detailed and structural cues simultaneously. Without bells and whistles, our method performs favorably against most state-of-the-art methods under different evaluation metrics on eleven datasets of four different medical image segmentation tasks of diverse image modalities, including color colonoscopy imaging, ultrasound imaging, computed tomography (CT), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The source code can be available at this https URL . Comments: Machine Intelligence Research 2026 Subjects: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) Cite as: arXiv:2303.10894 [cs.CV] (or arXiv:2303.10894v3 [cs.CV] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.10894 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Related DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11633-026-1662-9 Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources Submission history From: Xiaoqi Zhao [ view email ] [v1] Mon, 20 Mar 2023 06:26:49 UTC (3,128 KB) [v2] Tue, 30 Sep 2025 08:55:10 UTC (1,690 KB) [v3] Sat, 11 Apr 2026 05:54:43 UTC (11,470 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled M$^{2}$SNet: Multi-scale in Multi-scale Subtraction Network for Medical Image Segmentation, by Xiaoqi Zhao and 7 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: cs.CV < prev | next > new | recent | 2023-03 Change to browse by: cs References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... 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